Construção de biodigestor e o emprego de biofertilizantes na região amazônica

Abstract

The generation and disposal of agro-industrial and rural biomass has generated much research due to its polluting capacity as well as its energy potential. The objective of this study was to present a technology accessible to family farmers in the Cachoeira Community. The project was developed in four stages: Construction of the biodigester; Production of biofertilizer, a byproduct of the biodigester; Analysis of the application of biofertilizer in radish cultivation and elaboration of the Basic Guide on Biodigesters. The Quatro Irmão site was used to build a biodigester as a demonstration unit. In the sheepfold located next to the digester, animal waste was collected for 30 days and later inserted into the digester in a 1:3 proportion (each kg of waste mixed with 3 liters of water). This study presents the feasibility of implementing a biodigester as an alternative to the treatment of waste, generation of alternative energy in the form of biogas and the use of biofertilizer in vegetable crops, also addressing the environmental benefits of the digester for family producers. The transition from conventional to sustainable management is a possibility of renewal, in which plants become more dependent on microbial influences, constituting a very important element in managing productivity and quality in agricultural ecosystems. Based on this assumption, it is proposed to examine increasing doses of biofertilizer produced with sheep manure in radish culture. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, from January to February 2022, with four doses of biofertilizer and a control with four replications as treatments, as described below: TO = no use of biofertilizer (only H2O); T1 = 100 ml of biofertilizer; T2 = 200 ml of biofertilizer; T3 = 400ml of biofertilizer; and T4 = 800ml of biofertilizer. The doses were applied after dilution of the biofertilizer in 2 liters of H2O. The radish was cultivated for 39 days and the following variables were subsequently evaluated: a) total plant height, b) total root length, c) stem diameter, d) number of leaves, e) total fresh mass of the plant. There was no significant difference between treatments for the variables analyzed. This fact may have been influenced by the high rainfall that occurred during the cultivation period, with intense rainfall and possible leaching of the biofertilizer.